Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour

Life Course Developmental Model of Antisocial Behaviour in People with Intellectual Disability

Tanveer Ahmad Wani (1), Rapaka Sudhir (2), Nittin Sharma (3), Dr. Prashant Dave (4), Meerambika Patnaik (5), Harshita Sharma (6)

(1) Professor, Department of Physics, Noida International University, Uttar Pradesh, India
(2) Centre for Multidisciplinary Research, Anurag University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
(3) Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
(4) Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
(5) Assistant Professor, Department of Law, SOA National Institute of Law, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
(6) Assistant Professor, Department of Development Studies, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Abstract

The overlap between intellectual disability (ID) and criminal justice presents the need to develop a dedicated developmental approach to tackle the particular vulnerability of neurodiverse criminals. The study will offer a reformulated Life-Course Developmental Model that was identified to offer particular trajectories of antisocial behavior among the intellectual disability population. The investigation of the interaction between neurodevelopmental underpinnings and systemic marginalization proves that the life-course persistent pathway is much more prevalent among individuals with intellectual disability than among the overall population. One of the key findings of this study is that a strong association between Early-onset ADHD and access to forensic services was discovered, which implies that cognitive deficiency serves as a principal criminogenic motivator. Moreover, the findings indicate an extensive physiological effect: people who follow a sustained antisocial career trajectory show evidence of a reduction in biological aging and increased vulnerability to chronic disability at middle adulthood. It indicates that in the case of an intellectually disabled person, antisocial behavior is not just a social deviation, but a precursor of devastating health deterioration in the long run. The research questions the existing punitive legal systems by saying that the traditional maturity differentiation is usually irreversible instead of temporary among this generation, and therefore, the reactive sentencing is not effective. The study finally makes the conclusion that there is a need to move towards habilitative justice. The criminal justice system can shift the marginalization to proper reintegration in society by focusing on early specialist intervention, safeguarding by multi-agencies, and prosocial coping measures. The study is crucial in giving a roadmap to be used by legal and clinical practitioners to comprehend the onset, the course, and the cessation of offending via a lifetime perspective, with social justice being given to individuals with intellectual disability.